Daun bawang kaya sebatian sulfur, flavonoid (terutama quercetin), vitamin C, mineral, dan antioksidan, yang memberi pelbagai manfaat kesihatan.
1. Antioksidan dan anti-radang
- Daun bawang dan daun bawang besar (onion leaves) mengandungi banyak fenolik dan flavonoid, dengan aktiviti antioksidan yang sangat tinggi dalam ujian makmal; kandungan ini malah lebih tinggi berbanding umbisi bawang biasa (Lee et al., 2025; Kurnia et al., 2021).
- Fitokimia bawang (quercetin, saponin, organosulfur) menunjukkan kesan anti‑radang kuat dan melindungi daripada tekanan oksidatif, dengan mekanisme seperti mengurangkan prostaglandin, leukotrien dan penanda radang lain (Marefati et al., 2021; Teshika et al., 2018; Zhao et al., 2021).
2. Sokongan jantung, kolesterol, dan metabolik
- Sayur Allium (bawang, daun bawang, dll.) dikaitkan dengan kesan antihipertensi, hipolipidemik (menurunkan lemak darah), antidiabetik dan kardioprotektif dalam kajian haiwan dan beberapa kajian manusia (Alam et al., 2022; Teshika et al., 2018; Chakraborty et al., 2022; Upadhyay, 2017).
- Ekstrak daun Allium fistulosum menunjukkan aktiviti anti‑hiperlipidemia dan melindungi sel endotel jantung dalam model iskemia (Balkrishna et al., 2023).
3. Antimikrob dan potensi antikanser
- Sayur genus Allium mempunyai aktiviti antimikrob luas (bakteria dan kulat) berkaitan sebatian sulfur seperti allicin dan diallyl sulfides (Alam et al., 2022; Vuković et al., 2023; Ivanova et al., 2025; Upadhyay, 2017).
- Dalam model tikus, ekstrak scallion (Allium fistulosum) yang diberi secara oral mengurangkan pertumbuhan tumor kolon dengan ketara dan menekan penanda keradangan serta angiogenesis tumor (Arulselvan et al., 2012).
4. Nutrisi umum dan kegunaan lain
- Daun bawang mengandungi vitamin C, gula terlarut, asid amino, dan mineral penting (Ca, Mg, Fe, K), yang menyumbang kepada status nutrisi dan fungsi antioksidan makanan (Kim et al., 2023; Wang et al., 2020; Gao et al., 2022).
- Ekstrak akar A. fistulosum dalam kajian haiwan dan satu ujian klinikal kecil menunjukkan potensi menyokong pertumbuhan tulang dan ketinggian kanak‑kanak, melalui peningkatan penanda pembentukan tulang (Balkrishna et al., 2023).
Kesimpulan
Daun bawang bukan sekadar penyedap masakan; ia kaya antioksidan dan sebatian sulfur yang berpotensi menyokong kesihatan jantung dan metabolik, melawan keradangan dan mikrob, serta mungkin membantu pencegahan kanser. Namun, kebanyakan bukti masih dari kajian makmal dan haiwan, jadi ia wajar dilihat sebagai makanan sihat pelengkap, bukan ubat pengganti rawatan.
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References
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